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Extrait du cours MySQL reference manual and general Information about MySQL
1 General Information about MySQL
This is the MySQL reference manual; it documents MySQL version 3.23.19-beta. As MySQL is work in progress, the manual gets updated frequently. So there is a very good chance that this version is out of date, unless you are looking at it on-line. The most recent version of this manual is available at http://www.mysql.com/doc.html in many di erent formats.
If you have a hard time nding the information in the manual, you can try its searchable PHP version at http://www.mysql.com/php/manual.php3
MySQL is a very fast, multi-threaded, multi-user and robust SQL (Structured Query Language) database server.
1.1 What is MySQL?
MySQL is a true multi-user, multi-threaded SQL database server. SQL (Structured Query Language) is the most popular and standardized database language in the world. MySQL is a client/server implementation that consists of a server daemon mysqld and many di erent client programs and libraries.
SQL is a standardized language that makes it easy to store, update and access information.
For example, you can use SQL to retrieve product information and store customer information for a web site. MySQL is also fast and exible enough to allow you to store logs and pictures in it.
1.2 About this manual
This manual is currently available in Texinfo, plain text, Info, HTML, PostScript and PDF versions. Because of their size, PostScript and PDF versions are not included with the main MySQL distribution, but are available for separate download at http://www.mysql.com/.
The primary document is the Texinfo le. The HTML version is produced automatically using a modi ed version of texi2html. The plain text and Info versions are produced with makeinfo. The Postscript version is produced using texi2dvi and dvips. The PDF version is produced with pdftex.
1.2.1 Conventions used in this manual
This manual uses certain typographical conventions:
constant Constant-width font is used for command names and options; SQL statements;database, table and column names; C and Perl code; and environment variables.Example: \To see how mysqladmin works, invoke it with the –help option. »
1.3 History of MySQL
We once started out with the intention of using mSQL to connect to our tables using our own fast low-level (ISAM) routines. However, after some testing we came to the conclusion that mSQL was not fast enough or exible enough for our needs. This resulted in a new SQL interface to our database but with almost the same API interface as mSQL. This API was chosen to ease porting of third-party code.
The derivation of the name MySQL is not perfectly clear. Our base directory and a large number of our libraries and tools have had the pre x \my » for well over 10 years. However,Monty’s daughter (some years younger) is also named My. So which of the two gave its name to MySQL is still a mystery, even for us.
1.4 Books about MySQL
While this manual is still the right place for up to date techical information, its primary goal is to contain everything there is to know about MySQL. And it is sometimes nice to have a bound book to read in bed or while you travel. Here is a list of books about MySQL (in English).
1.5 The main features of MySQL
The following list describes some of the important characteristics of MySQL:
Fully multi-threaded using kernel threads. That means it easily can use multiple CPUs if available.
C, C++, Ei el, Java, Perl, PHP, Python and Tcl APIs. See Chapter 22 [Clients],page 397.
Works on many di erent platforms. See Section 4.2 [Which OS], page 39.
Many column types: signed/unsigned integers 1, 2, 3, 4 and 8 bytes long, FLOAT,DOUBLE, CHAR, VARCHAR, TEXT, BLOB, DATE, TIME, DATETIME, TIMESTAMP, YEAR, SET and ENUM types. See Section 7.3 [Column types], page 143.
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