Lamiae
Sommaire: Synthesis and characterization of cis-1, 4-polyisoprene-based polyurethane coatings, study of their adhesive properties on metal surface
General Introduction
Chapter1 – Literature Review
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Theories of adhesion
1.2.1 Mechanical interlocking
1.2.2 Diffusion Theory
1.2.3 Electronic Theory
1.2.4 Molecular bonding
1.2.5 Thermodynamic Theory
1.3. Surface characterization techniques
1.3.1 Atomic force microscopy (AFM)
1.3.2 Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS)
1.3.3. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)
1.3.4. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
1.3.5. Optical contact angle analysis
1.3.6. Attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy (ATR-IR)
1.4. Adhesion measurement
1.4.1 Peel test
1.4.2 Lap shear test
1.4.3 Pull out test
1.4.4. Torque test
1.4.5. Scratch test and nanoindentation test
1.4.6. Pull off test or Stud/butt test
1.4.7 Wedge test or Cleavage Tests
1.5 Metal-Polymer adhesion
1.5.1 Classification of Polymers According to Their Wettabilities
1.5.2 Metal Adhesion to Low Wettability Polymers
1.5.3 Metal Adhesion to Medium Wettabillity Polymers
1.5.4 Metal Adhesion to High Wettability Polymers
1.5.5 Metal-Rubber Adhesion
1.6. Chemical structure of Natural Rubber based adhesives
1.6.1. Natural Rubber based adhesive blends
1.6.2. Epoxidized Natural Rubber based adhesive blends
1.6.3. Graft and block copolymers
1.7. Conclusion
References
Chapter 2- Synthesis and characterization of telechelic cis -1, 4-polyisoprene
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Bibliographic part on Telechelic polyisoprene
2.2.1. Definition
2.2.2. Obtaining of telechelic polyisoprene by controlled degradation
2.2.3 Reactivity of telechelic liquid natural rubber
2.2.4 Modification of functional end –groups of telechelic natural rubber
2.2.5 Chain extension reaction of telechelic natural rubber
Conclusion on the bibliographic part
2.3. Oxidative degradation of cis-1, 4-polyisoprene
2.3.1. Epoxidation of cis-1,4-polyisoprene
2.3.2. Cleavage of epoxidized cis-1,4-polyisoprene 2 in organic medium
2.4. Synthesis and characterization of hydroxytelechelic polyisoprene precursor of polyurethane
2.5. Modification of hydroxytelechelic cis-1,4-polyisoprene precursor of polyurethanes
2.5.1. Epoxidation of hydroxytelechelic cis-1,4-polyisoprene 4
2.6 Conclusion
References
Chapter 3 – Synthesis and characterization of polyurethane base on cis-1,4-polyisoprene
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Bibliographic part on polyurethane
3.2.1 History and Development of Polyurethanes
3.2.2 Raw Materials in polyurethane synthesis
3.2.2.1 Isocyanates
3.2.2.2 Polyols
3.2.2.3 Chain Extenders
3.2.2.4 Additives
3.2.3 Method of synthesis of polyurethanes
3.2.3.1 One step method
3.2.3.2 Two steps method
3.2.4 Properties of polyurethanes
3.2.4.1 Structure Property Relationship
3.2.4.2 Parameters influencing physical properties
3.2.4.3 Thermal stability
3.2.4.4 Surface Properties of Polyurethane
Conclusion
3.3. Synthesis of linear and crosslinked polyurethanes
3.3.1 ATR-FTIR Analysis Results
3.3.1.1 Effect of varied molecular weights of diol precursor
3.3.1.2 Effect of varied epoxidized diol precursors
3.3.1.3 Effect of varied diol precursors in presence of D-glucose
3.3.1.4 Effect of varied chain-extenders
3.3.1.5 Effect of mixing HTPI and EH
3.3.2 Thermal properties of polyurethane
3.4 Conclusion
References
Chapter 4 – Adhesive Properties of Polyurethane Prepared from Hydroxytelechelic Cis-1,4-Polyisoprene
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Wettability measurements
4.3 Wedge test results
4.4 Conclusion
References
General conclusion
Experimental part
Appendix
Extrait du mémoire synthesis and characterization of cis-1, 4-polyisoprene-based polyurethane coatings, study of their adhesive properties on metal surface
Chapter 1–Literature Review
1.1 Introduction
The process that allows the adhesive to transfer a mechanical stress from the adherend to the adhesive joint is known as the adhesion. In general the adhesive is a polymer-based material, which intimately interacts, either through chemical/physical forces, to the adherend surface to which it is being applied. The physical and chemical interactions result from atomic scale attractions between specific functional groups of the adhesive and the adherend surface.
For thermoset adhesives, during the early phase of the curing process the viscous adhesive material will flow to enable contact with the adherend and penetration of the surface asperities. As curing proceeds, the viscous mixture becomes a rigid solid as the compounds react and cohesively link the adhesive, often referred to as crosslinking. This process enables strength to be established between the joined adherends.
When it comes to measuring the adhesion, there are more than adhesion tests [2]. The choice of the test depends solely on the material system investigated and the structure of the sample. If one is dealing with sputtered metallic films on ceramic substrates the scratch test [3] is suitable while for metallic films on polymer substrates the peel test [4] is a good choice.
This bibliographic part will present the different the adhesion concepts and tests, and then will focus on metal/polymer adhesion, and natural rubber based adhesives.
1.2 Theories of adhesion
Adhesion corresponds to the interatomic and intermolecular interactions at occurring at interface between two surfaces.
It is important to realize that, although some theories of adhesion emphasize mechanical aspects and others put more emphasis on chemical aspects, chemical structure and interactions determine the mechanical properties and the mechanical properties de termine the force that is concentrated on individual chemical bonds. Thus, the chemical and mechanical aspects are linked and cannot be treated as completely distinct entities. In addition, some of the theories emphasize macroscopic effects while others are on the molecular level.
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